Leading Black Panther Fred Allen Hampton was born. on the 30th of August 1948 in Summit ,Illinois to Francis and Iberia Hampton two factory workers who had migrated north as part of the Great Migration of Black Americans out of the south..Fred Hampton was key in forming links between the Panthers and working-class people of all races.
Hampton grew up with an older brother and sister. His family was friendly with the family of Emmett Till before Till's 1955 murder. Hampton's family moved to Maywood, another Chicago suburb when Hampton was 10. Hampton attended Irving Elementary School and Proviso East High School. In high school, he led the school's Interracial Committee. He also protested the school only nominating white girls to run for homecoming queen, which resulted in the inclusion of Black girls.
After graduating
with honors from Proviso East High School, Hampton studied pre-law at
Triton Junior College. He also attended Crane Junior College (later Malcolm X College) and the University of Illinois at Chicago Circle.
Hampton became involved in the civil rights movement, and led the Youth Council of the NAACP's
West Suburban chapter, growing membership to more than 500. He
advocated for a community pool in his hometown of Maywood, which led to
an arrest for "mob action."
In
November 1968, Hampton helped found the Illinois chapter of the Black
Panther Party. From his base in Chicago, he served as chairman of this
local chapter. Though Hampton was just 20, he became a respected leader
in the Party, aided by his talent for public speaking and experience in
community organising,
Many saw him as the next possible Martin Luther King or the next Malcolm X, or perhaps the next great leader of Black Americans. He combined a huge personality with a
brilliant, critical mind and became a charismatic educator and speaker.
His public statements on capitalism, racism, politics, Marxism and
socialism were peppered with slang and profanity that refused to bow to
the rules of the system. He sought to unite people through socialism, against the capitalist
system, fighting against racism and discrimination through practice and
deeds, seeking to find solutions that would improve poor and working
peoples lives, through struggle, without getting bogged down in watered
down reformity.
He sought to do this through observation and practice. Such interracial working class organizing and open criticism of the
capitalist economic system made him dangerous. It was one thing to
organize along racial lines. It was another to try to unite the white,
Black and Hispanic workers together in working class solidarity! A
dangerous message then, still is today I guess.
Fred Hampton was a dedicated revolutionary who studied theory
and carried this through into everyday action. Throughout 1969, he
maintained a demanding speaking schedule; he organised weekly rallies in
support of BPP members in jail or on trial.
His organisation provided breakfasts for poor school children and a
free medical clinic for those that needed it. Hampton himself also
taught political education classes. He also managed to persuade two of
Chicago's most powerful street gangs to stop fighting one another.
His attempt at unification of different peoples struggles bought him to the attention of J.Edgar Hover and the F.B.I. From the 1950s until the 1970s, the FBI’s Counterintelligence Program (COINTELPRO) had already been targeting leaders of activist organizations like Fred Hampton. The program served to undermine, infiltrate, and spread misinformation (often through extrajudicial means) about political groups and the activists who belonged to them. COINTELPRO targeted civil rights leaders such as the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. as well as radical groups like the Black Panther Party, the American Indian Movement among others. As Hampton’s influence in the Black Panthers grew, the FBI began to focus on his activities, opening a file on him in 1967.
His attempt at unification of different peoples struggles bought him to the attention of J.Edgar Hover and the F.B.I. From the 1950s until the 1970s, the FBI’s Counterintelligence Program (COINTELPRO) had already been targeting leaders of activist organizations like Fred Hampton. The program served to undermine, infiltrate, and spread misinformation (often through extrajudicial means) about political groups and the activists who belonged to them. COINTELPRO targeted civil rights leaders such as the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. as well as radical groups like the Black Panther Party, the American Indian Movement among others. As Hampton’s influence in the Black Panthers grew, the FBI began to focus on his activities, opening a file on him in 1967.
The FBI enlisted a man named William O'Neal to infiltrate and sabotage
the Black Panthers Party. O'Neal, who had been previously arrested for
car theft and impersonating a federal officer, agreed to the task
because the federal agency promised to drop the felony charges against
him. O’Neal quickly gained access to Hampton by becoming both his
bodyguard and a security director in Hampton’s Black Panther Party
chapter.
During
an early morning police raid,on December 4, 1969, he and fellow Black Panther Mark Clark
were assassinated in a hail of bullets by the FBI and Chicago police. Hampton who was only 21.had been asleep when first hit, and, as he lay prone on the
floor, was shot twice at point-blank range in the head. His body was
then dragged into the doorway in a pool of blood.
The police opened fire on the remaining bedroom, hitting several
Panthers repeatedly. The survivors were beaten, dragged into the street,
and arrested on a charge of the attempted murder of the police officers
who had carried out the raid, and aggravated assault. Many in the Chicago African American community were outraged over the
raid and what they saw as the unnecessary deaths of Hampton and Clark.in what was seen as a serious attempt to undermine
the Black Panthers powerful message, his death
was an act of police brutality. His death was government-sanctioned
murder. His death was an assassination. His death was an execution. 5,000 people attended Hampton’s funeral where Reverends Ralph Abernathy and Jesse Jackson eulogized the slain activist.
It is tempting to look back at the raid as a singular example of law
enforcement run amok; a violent and inexcusable governmental reaction to
the political climate of the time. And yet, so much of what happened in
the aftermath is familiar to anyone who has studied systematic police
violence ever since. today..
The official investigation into the shootings was a farce, and it was left up to the survivors and the BPP to pursue a civil case against the SPU and the FBI. Finally, in 1983, it was acknowledged that there “had in fact been an active governmental conspiracy to deny Hampton, Clark and the BPP plaintiffs their civil rights”.
Damages of $1.85m were awarded to the survivors and the families of
the deceased.
In 1990, and
later in 2004, the Chicago City Council passed resolutions commemorating
December 4 as Fred Hampton Day.
The saying most often associated with Fred Hampton is: “You can kill a
revolutionary, but you cannot kill a revolution. You can jail a
liberation fighter, but you cannot jail liberation.”
Fred Hampton Jnr was born a few months after his father’s murder. He,
too, is active in the African-American revolutionary movement and has
spent almost nine years in jail on politically-related charges..
While he met a tragic and untimely end, it is important to remember that
he was killed for his ideas, because those ideas carried so much weight and . they still do. Although many years have since gone since his passing, the peoples love for this man remains strong. His powerful message remains strong. People still fighting discrimination and ongoing racism.Fred Hampton is a hero in the struggle for Black liberation, revolution and socialism. He should be remembered and his example should be followed by all progressive and revolutionary people.In 2004 the Chicago City Council passed a resolution commemorating December 4 as Fred Hampton Day.
In the courtroom at a 1969 trial for a trumped up robbery charge, only months before he was killed, the 21 year old gave an amazing speech
defending himself and all Black people, while at the same time calling
on all working people to unite in revolutionary solidarity. There is no
better way to end this article than with his words, passionately
explaining the beliefs that he died for.
" We got to face some facts. That the masses are poor, that the masses belong to what you call the lower classes, and I talk about the masses, I'm talking about the white masses, I'm talking about the black masses, and the brown masses, and the yellow masses.
We've got to face the fact that some people say you fight fire
best with fire, but we say you put fire out best with water. We say you
don't fight racism with racism. We're going to fight racism with
solidarity.
We say don't fight capitalism with no black capitalism, you fight capitalism with socialism. "
Fred Hampton's powerful message remains strong. People still fighting discrimination and ongoing racism.
Fred Hampton - Political Prisoner
I am a revolutionary - Fred Hampton
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