Remembering Today with Sadness the Victims of the Bloody Sunday Massacre in Derry January 30th 1972.

On this day today/a date that wont be forgotten in Northern Ireland, when 14 innocent  peaceful Irish Catholics were massacred in broad daylight  by the British Army, many more were injured  as they were marching for their basic freedoms and civil rights, under almost siege like conditions under unjust British rule in the city and across Northern Ireland. in what is regarded.as one the darkest days of Northern Ireland's troubles. 

The civil rights protestors were shot in the Bogside by British soldiers  from the Parachute Regiment.  who  shouldn't of been on Irish soil in the first place, not one single soldier was jailed.The protestors were opposing the policy of internment which allowed the authorities to imprison suspected members of the IRA without trial. On 9 August, 11, British soldiers detained 342 people, many of whom were tortured and had no connection to the IRA . This disastrous policy led to an immediate increase in violence, with 17 people killed within the next 48 hours.On 22 January 1972, soldiers attacked an anti-internment protest in Derry, firing rubber bullets and beating protestors severely.

However the Northern Ireland Civil Rights  Association was determined not to be intimidated. so on this day around 10,000 people marched towards the city centre, but their route was blocked by army barricades. Here and there, some stones and bottles were thrown at the troops but collectively the marchers posed little threat to the well armed British soldiers, who  exceptionally on this day were members of an elite parachute regiment, thus trained for combat, not policing crowds. At some point for reasons that as never been established, British soldiers began firing into the crowd of civilians.

Soon many were falling to the ground.

All of the dead were unarmed, five were shot in the back. Most were shot fleeing the soldiers and several were killed trying to assist the wounded. One man was shot and killed while assisting a victim and waving a white handkerchief another killed with his arms raised in surrender position. Seven of them were teenagers.Another marcher died a month later and there were many more wounded from rubber bullets. The massacre became a worldwide symbol of state brutality – and community resilience.

John Lennon’s “Sunday Bloody Sunday” captured the global outrage to what happened in Derry on  this day.

 

“Well it was Sunday Bloody Sunday 

When they shot the people there 

The cries of fourteen martyrs

Filled the free Derry air”

Like internment, Bloody Sunday provided the IRA with a huge  recruitment boost and 1972 marked the single most violent year of the troubles. I can understand  why  any working class Catholic who having watched  their friends get killed and detained, their houses burnt down and their communities left attacked by pogroms, could choose the path of resistance, in defense of their people.

The massacre became a worldwide symbol of state brutality – and community resilience. Which was followed by decades of state lies, cover-ups and smears against the victims. Bloody Sunday became one of the most notorious massacres in British military history.

List of those killed. Never  forget their  names.Still no justice  for  any of them.

Patrick ('Paddy') Doherty (31)

Gerald  Donaghey (17)

John ('Jackie' ) Duddy (17)

Hugh Gilmore (17)

Michael Kelly (17)

Michael McDaid (20)

Kevin McElhinnet (17)

Bernard ('Barney') McGuigan (41)

Gerald McKinney (35)

William ('Willie') McKinney (26)

William Nash (19)

James ('Jim') Wray (22)

John Johnston (59)

It was later revealed that some days prior to this massacre, the British soldiers had been briefed 'to shoot to kill' at the march. An immediate inguiry, led by then Lord Chief Justice Lord Widgery, was labelled a whitewash, after it largely cleared the soldiers of blame.

It took decades for the British State to recognise that those killed on Bloody Sunday were innocent. .The A inquiry into the events of Bloody Sunday, commonly referred to as the Saville Inquiry, became the longest legal proceedings in British or Irish history.  

Lord Saville and his fellow judges, Canadian William Hoyt and Australian John Toohey (original judge Edward Somers, from New Zealand, retired due to ill health), heard evidence from 921 witnesses and considered 1,500 other statements. The report ran to more than 5,000 pages.  

The Bloody Sunday Inquiry published its report on 15 June 2010. Its main finding, that all of the dead and wounded were innocent, was loudly welcomed by the thousands gathered in Guildhall Square.  A statement on behalf of the Families declared:  “The victims have been vindicated. The Parachute Regiment has been disgraced. The truth has been brought home at last. Widgery’s great lie has been laid bare.”  

British Prime Minister David Cameron was forced to apologise, and declare that what had happened on Bloody Sunday was  “unjustified and unjustifiable”.  

But the report was not without its problems. Many were dismayed that blame was ring-fenced around one officer, Derek Wilford, and a number of rank-and-file soldiers. And the  report did not place any blame on the military and political elite. 

General Sir Michael Jackson, who was adjutant on Bloody Sunday and architect of the cover up afterwards, and who went on to become the most senior officer in the British Army, received no real criticism despite having been the only witness who had to be recalled to the stand during the inquiry.  The finding on Gerald Donaghey – that he was “probably” carrying nail bombs when he was shot, but that this did not justify his shooting – was also met with some shock. 

All of the evidence pointed to what most people believed, that the nail bombs had been planted on his body by members of the British Army or police, and this qualification of his innocence left his family without the full relief felt by others.  

But after 38 years the Bloody Sunday families had achieved what they had set out to do, they had cleared their loved ones’ names and forced the truth about Bloody Sunday to be admitted to the world. It vindicated not only those who died, and the many injured, but also the families and supporters who had campaigned  for so long to have their innocence recognised. 

The Saville report concluded that those killed on Bloody Sunday posed no threat to the British army. They were innocent civilians murdered in an act of state violence. The families and survivors  carried a weight of injustice that few of us will ever understand.

Like the Sharpeville massacre in South Africa a shameful day in history, it is a continuing outrage that not one person was prosecuted for the murder in cold blood of 14 innocent peaceful civilian protestors.  Let us hope that the future sees no more bloody Sundays.The long road for true justice continues. Bloody Sunday is a horrific event that shines a light on the British state's instinct for violence..

Take a moment of silence wherever you are at 16.10pm, the time the shooting started. Remember those marching for civil rights, marching peacefully in their own home town, before being gunned down by British soldiers. Think of the families today,   who  campaigned  with  dignity  for  many  years on the anniversary of the murder of their loved ones.

This is a picture on bloody Sunday that  shows 2 innocent men. One trying to protect the other. Both shot and killed by British Soldiers. Soldiers as well as anybody else who commits murders should be brought to justice. Justice must  prevail.

 “I walked among their old haunts, the home ground where they bled, 

And in the dirt lay justice like an acorn in the winter 

Till its oak would sprout in Derry where the thirteen men lay dead.”  Seamus Heaney (The Road to Derry)

I conclude with  a poem called Butcher’s Dozen. from the poet Thomas Kinsella  that he wrote  in the aftermath of the massacre:

 

 BUTCHER'S DOZEN:
A LESSON FOR THE OCTAVE OF WIDGERY

by Thomas Kinsella

I went with Anger at my heel
Through Bogside of the bitter zeal
- Jesus pity! - on a day
Of cold and drizzle and decay.
A month had passed. Yet there remained
A murder smell that stung and stained.
On flats and alleys-over all-
It hung; on battered roof and wall,
On wreck and rubbish scattered thick,
On sullen steps and pitted brick.
And when I came where thirteen died
It shrivelled up my heart. I sighed
And looked about that brutal place
Of rage and terror and disgrace.
Then my moistened lips grew dry.
I had heard an answering sigh!
There in a ghostly pool of blood
A crumpled phantom hugged the mud:
"Once there lived a hooligan.
A pig came up, and away he ran.
Here lies one in blood and bones,
Who lost his life for throwing stones."


More voices rose. I turned and saw
Three corpses forming, red and raw,
From dirt and stone. Each upturned face
Stared unseeing from its place:
"Behind this barrier, blighters three,
We scrambled back and made to flee.
The guns cried Stop, and here lie we."
Then from left and right they came,
More mangled corpses, bleeding, lame,
Holding their wounds. They chose their ground,
Ghost by ghost, without a sound,
And one stepped forward, soiled and white:
"A bomber I. I travelled light
- Four pounds of nails and gelignite
About my person, hid so well
They seemed to vanish where I fell.
When the bullet stopped my breath
A doctor sought the cause of death.
He upped my shirt, undid my fly,
Twice he moved my limbs awry,
And noticed nothing. By and by
A soldier, with his sharper eye,
Beheld the four elusive rockets
Stuffed in my coat and trouser pockets.
Yes, they must be strict with us,
Even in death so treacherous!"
He faded, and another said:
"We three met close when we were dead.
Into an armoured car they piled us
Where our mingled blood defiled us,
Certain, if not dead before,
To suffocate upon the floor.


Careful bullets in the back
Stopped our terrorist attack,
And so three dangerous lives are done
- Judged, condemned and shamed in one."
That spectre faded in his turn.
A harsher stirred, and spoke in scorn:
"The shame is theirs, in word and deed,
Who prate of justice, practise greed,
And act in ignorant fury - then,
Officers and gentlemen,
Send to their Courts for the Most High
To tell us did we really die!
Does it need recourse to law
To tell ten thousand what they saw?
Law that lets them, caught red-handed,
Halt the game and leave it stranded,
Summon up a sworn inquiry
And dump their conscience in the diary.
During which hiatus, should
Their legal basis vanish, good,
The thing is rapidly arranged:
Where's the law that can't be changed?
The news is out. The troops were kind.
Impartial justice has to find
We'd be alive and well today
If we had let them have their way.
Yet England, even as you lie,
You give the facts that you deny.
Spread the lie with all your power
- All that's left; it's turning sour.
Friend and stranger, bride and brother,
Son and sister, father, mother,


All not blinded by your smoke,
Photographers who caught your stroke,
The priests that blessed our bodies, spoke
And wagged our blood in the world's face.
The truth will out, to your disgrace."
He flushed and faded. Pale and grim,
A joking spectre followed him:
"Take a bunch of stunted shoots,
A tangle of transplanted roots,
Ropes and rifles, feathered nests,
Some dried colonial interests,
A hard unnatural union grown
In a bed of blood and bone,
Tongue of serpent, gut of hog
Spiced with spleen of underdog.
Stir in, with oaths of loyalty,
Sectarian supremacy,
And heat, to make a proper botch,
In a bouillon of bitter Scotch.
Last, the choice ingredient: you.
Now, to crown your Irish stew,
Boil it over, make a mess.
A most imperial success!"
He capered weakly, racked with pain,
His dead hair plastered in the rain;
The group was silent once again.
It seemed the moment to explain
That sympathetic politicians
Say our violent traditions,
Backward looks and bitterness
Keep us in this dire distress.
We must forget, and look ahead,


Nurse the living, not the dead.
My words died out. A phantom said:
"Here lies one who breathed his last
Firmly reminded of the past.
A trooper did it, on one knee,
In tones of brute authority."
That harsher spirit, who before
Had flushed with anger, spoke once more:
"Simple lessons cut most deep.
This lesson in our hearts we keep:
Persuasion, protest, arguments,
The milder forms of violence,
Earn nothing but polite neglect.
England, the way to your respect
Is via murderous force, it seems;
You push us to your own extremes.
You condescend to hear us speak
Only when we slap your cheek.
And yet we lack the last technique:
We rap for order with a gun,
The issues simplify to one
- Then your Democracy insists
You mustn't talk with terrorists!
White and yellow, black and blue,
Have learnt their history from you:
Divide and ruin, muddle through,
Not principled, but politic.
- In strength, perfidious; weak, a trick
To make good men a trifle sick.
We speak in wounds. Behold this mess.
My curse upon your politesse."


Another ghost stood forth, and wet
Dead lips that had not spoken yet:
"My curse on the cunning and the bland,
On gentlemen who loot a land
They do not care to understand;
Who keep the natives on their paws
With ready lash and rotten laws;
Then if the beasts erupt in rage
Give them a slightly larger cage
And, in scorn and fear combined,
Turn them against their own kind.
The game runs out of room at last,
A people rises from its past,
The going gets unduly tough
And you have (surely ... ?) had enough.
The time has come to yield your place
With condescending show of grace
- An Empire-builder handing on.
We reap the ruin when you've gone,
All your errors heaped behind you:
Promises that do not bind you,
Hopes in conflict, cramped commissions,
Faiths exploited, and traditions."
Bloody sputum filled his throat.
He stopped and coughed to clear it out,
And finished, with his eyes a-glow:
"You came, you saw, you conquered ... So.
You gorged - and it was time to go.
Good riddance. We'd forget - released -
But for the rubbish of your feast,
The slops and scraps that fell to earth
And sprang to arms in dragon birth.


Sashed and bowler-hatted, glum
Apprentices of fife and drum,
High and dry, abandoned guards
Of dismal streets and empty yards,
Drilled at the codeword 'True Religion'
To strut and mutter like a pigeon
'Not An Inch - Up The Queen';
Who use their walls like a latrine
For scribbled magic-at their call,
Straight from the nearest music-hall,
Pope and Devil intertwine,
Two cardboard kings appear, and join
In one more battle by the Boyne!
Who could love them? God above..."
"Yet pity is akin to love,"
The thirteenth corpse beside him said,
Smiling in its bloody head,
"And though there's reason for alarm
In dourness and a lack of charm
Their cursed plight calls out for patience.
They, even they, with other nations
Have a place, if we can find it.
Love our changeling! Guard and mind it.
Doomed from birth, a cursed heir,
Theirs is the hardest lot to bear,
Yet not impossible, I swear,
If England would but clear the air
And brood at home on her disgrace
- Everything to its own place.
Face their walls of dole and fear
And be of reasonable cheer.


Good men every day inherit
Father's foulness with the spirit,
Purge the filth and do not stir it.
Let them out! At least let in
A breath or two of oxygen,
So they may settle down for good
And mix themselves in the common blood.
We are what we are, and that
Is mongrel pure. What nation's not
Where any stranger hung his hat
And seized a lover where she sat?"
He ceased and faded. Zephyr blew
And all the others faded too.
I stood like a ghost. My fingers strayed
Along the fatal barricade.
The gentle rainfall drifting down
Over Colmcille's town
Could not refresh, only distil
In silent grief from hill to hill.

 

Printed in the Republic of Ireland by the Elo Press Ltd., Dublin
for PEPPERCANISTER and sold by the Dolmen Press Limited and the booksellers.
26 April 1972.

., .